La lecture des journaux indiens est parfois malaisée du fait de l’utilisation de très nombreuses abréviations, d’acronymes et de sigles en tous genres ; et quand on n’est pas soi-même parfaitement anglophone, il est encore plus difficile de s’y retrouver car abréviations anglaises et indiennes se mélangent.

Je te propose donc une liste des sigles les plus courants avec leur signification : n’hésite pas à m’aider à compléter la liste en me laissant un commentaire !

JNPT… Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust, bien sûr…

Tu remarques qu’en hindi, les lettres sont écrites comme prononcées en anglais.

Quelques éléments

Généralités

Les abréviations sont une des caractéristiques de l’écrit et de l’oral en Inde : utilisés de manière décomplexée et totalement évidente pour le locuteur, cette propension serait liée au multilinguisme indien, les abréviations étant plus aisées à prononcer que de longues expressions ou dénominations en telle ou telle langue, anglais compris. Ce qui explique que bien souvent les prénoms et noms des hommes politiques, originaires de tel Etat, sont abrégés prennent la forme d’un surnom ou d’un acronyme, plus aisés à prononcer dans l’ensemble du pays.

Les abréviations sont lues telles quelles, lettre après lettre et non comme un mot en tant que tel : on épelle donc avec la prononciation anglaise des lettres, retranscrite parfois en hindi !

La signification d’un sigle peut-être multiple, elle peut également changer : ainsi, un des articles cité dans les sources explique qu’il y a une dizaine d’années, “ABCD” signifiait “American Born Confused Desis”, à savoir les Américains d’origine indienne partagés entre deux cultures, puis “American Born Confident Desis” ! Enfin, certains mots sont raccourcis et une terminaison “hindi” leur est adjointe : subsi = subsidiary, supli = supplementary, soopi = superintendent, princi = principle…

Je ne parlerai pas ici du langage sms, très utilisé en Inde, qui mérite à lui tout seul un autre article (lire ICI, en construction) !

Sources

Un dictionnaire des abréviations a même été édité, suffisamment court (182 p.) pour rester tout de même pratique d’utilisation, afin de faciliter la lecture des journaux en anglais de manière générale et notamment les journaux anglophones indiens, puisque cet ouvrage se concentre en particulier sur cet aspect.

P. V. Gopalkrishnan, Dictionary of Abbreviations, BPI (India) PVT Ltd. Rs 100.

Quelques articles m’ont été d’un grand secours, ce sont :

http://international.zeenews.com/inner1.asp?aid=200567&sid=bus

http://www.languageinindia.com/junjul2002/baldridgeindianenglish.html

http://www.vsubhash.com/die.asp?word=Indian%20Acronyms%20and%20Abbreviations

http://www.123oye.com/job-articles/others/abbreviations.htm

http://www.scribd.com/doc/4639192/Popular-Indian-Acronyms-and-Abbreviations

Les abréviations les plus courantes

Les mois

• Jan : January
• Feb : February
• etc.

Territoire

Souvent les Etats apparaissent dans les journaux sous un code ou un raccourci ; attention également à ne pas les confondre avec d’autres abréviations !

• Andhra : Andhra Pradesh
• AP : Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh
  
• AR : Arunachal Pradesh
  
• AS : Assam
  
• BR : Bihar
  
• CT : Chattisgarh
  
• GA : Goa
  
• GJ : Gujarat
  
• HR : Haryana
  
• JK, J & K : Jammu & Kashmir
• JH : Jharkhand
  
• KA : Karnataka
  
• KL : Kerala
  
• MP : Madhya Pradesh
• MH : Maharashtra
  
• MN : Manipur
  
• ML : Meghalaya
  
• MZ : Mizoram
  
• NL : Nagaland
  
• OR : Orissa
  
• PB : Punjab
  
• RJ : Rajasthan
  
• SK : Sikkim
  
• TN : Tamil Nadu
  
• TR : Tripura
  
• UL : Uttarakhand
  
• UP : Uttar Pradesh
• WB : West Bengal
  

• AN : Andaman et Nicobar
  
• CH : Chandigarh
  
• DN : Dadra et Nagar Haveli
  
• DD : Daman & Diu
• DL : Delhi
  
• LD : Lakshadweep
  
• PY : Puducherry
  

Villes

Les points de repère dans les villes,  tout comme les noms de rue, ont souvent été rebaptisés (il n’est pas rare à Bombay par exemple qu’une rue porte trois noms). Il faut avoir une certaine écoute et la pratique de la ville pour les distinguer ; si le chauffeur de taxi semble ne pas connaître la rue, essayer donc de l’abréger ! Voici quelques exemples :

• CP : Connaught Place (Delhi)
• MG Road : Mahatma Gandhi Road
• etc.

De même, n’oubliez pas qu’il y a eu, sous l’influence des régionalismes, une redénomination de certaines villes :

• Mumbai : Bombay
• Chennai : Madras
• Bengaluru : Bangalore
• Puducherry : Pondichéry
• Kolkata : Calcutta
• Kochi : Cochin
• Varanasi : Bénarès, Banaras
  

Gouvernement

• GoI : Government of India
• HC : High Court
• CBI : Central Bureau of Investigation
• CM : Chief Minister
• CPWD : Central Public Works Department; PWD of the GoI
• DRDO : Defence Research and Development Organisation
• FM : Finance Minister
• IAF : Indian Air Force
• IPKF : Indian Peace Keeping Force
• ISRO : Indian Space Research Organisation
• LoC : Line of Control (frontière terrestre de facto entre Pakistan et Inde au Cachemire)
• LS : Lok Sabha (Chambre basse du Parlement)
• PSU : Public Sector Unit
• PWD : Public Works Department
• RAW : Research & Analysis Wing (services secrets indiens)
• RS : Rajya Sabha (Chambre haute du Parlement indien)
  
• SAARC : South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
• SC : Supreme Court

Partis politiques nationaux

• INC : Indian National Congress (conduit par Sonia Gandhi)
• BJP : Bharatiya Janata Party (conduit par Rajnath Singh)
• BSP : Bahujan Samaj Party (conduit par Mayawati)
• CPI (M) : Communist Party of India (marxiste, conduit par Prakash Karat)
• NCP : Nationalist Congress Party (conduit par Sharad Pawar)
• CPI (ML) : Communist Party of India (marxiste-léniniste, conduit par AB Bardhan)
• NDA – National Democratic Alliance
• SP – Samajwadi Party, Samata Party
• RSS : Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
• VHP : Vishwa Hindu Parishad
• Gen. Sec. ou G. Sec. : General Secretary
• Soc. Sec. : Social Secretary

Société

• FC : Forward Caste
  
• SC : Scheduled Castes
• ST : Sceduled Tribes
• OBC : Other Backward Classes

Economie

• M-CAP : stock market capitalisation
• ONGC : Oil and Natural Gas Commission
• PAN : Permanent Account Number (pour les contribuables)
• PF : Provident Fund
• SAIL : Steel Authority of India
• SEBI : Securities Exchange Board of India Sensex – Sensitive Index (du Bombay Stock Exchange)
• DA : Dearness Allowance
• SC : National Savings Certificate
• PIL : Public Interest Litigation
• CII : Confederation for Indian Industry

Loisirs (transports, communications, sport, culture…)

• AAI : Airport Authority of India AI – Air India
• AIR : All India Radio
• BCCI : Board of Cricket Control in India
• DD : Doordarshan
• IA : Indian Airlines
• IMD : India Meteorological Department
• INSAT : Indian National Satellite
• PTI : Press Trust of India
• NIC : National Informatics Centre
• DoT : Department of Telecommunications

Institutions scolaires

• CBSE : Central Board of Secondary Education
  
• IGNOU – Indira Gandhi National Open University
• IIM – Indian Institute of Management
• IIT – Indian Institute of Technology
• ISI : auparavant Indian Standards Institute, mais renommé désormais Bureau of Indian Standards (ISI : Inter-Services Intelligenc, au Pakistan)

Célébrités

Malheureusement, une grande partie des abréviations concernant les noms de personnes (prénom et/ou nom raccourcis, utilisation du prénom sans mention du nom ou bien surnom !), il n’est pas possible de tous les énumérer. Mais certains sont suffisamment célèbres et courants pour apparaître dans cette liste.

Liste des sigles et abréviations

• AAFI Amateur Athletics Federation of India
• AAGSP All Assam Gana Sangram Parishad
• AASU All Assam Students Union
• ABCD = American Born Confused / Confident Desi (native of India)
• ABCDE Annual Bank Conference on Development Economics
• ABM Anti Ballistic Missile
• ABSU All Bodo Students Union
• ABT Availability Based Tariff
• AC Air Conditioner
• AC Alternate Current
• AC Ashok Chakra
• AD Ano Domini (After the birth of Jesus)
• ADA Air Defence Artillery
• ADB Asian Development Bank
• AERE Atomic Energy Research Establishment
• AFLP Accelerated Female Literacy
• AFPPD Asian Forum of Parliamentarians on Population & Development
• AGF Asian Games Federation
• AGOC Asian Games Organization Committee
• AICC All India Congress Committee
• AICCTU All India Central Council of Trade Unions
• AICI Agricultural Insurance Corporation of India
• AICTE All India Council of Technical Education
• AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
• AIFF All India Football Federation
• AIIMS All India Institute of Medical Sciences
• AIL Aeronautics India Limited
• AIMPLB All India Muslim Personal Law Board
• AINEC All India Newspapers Editors Conference
• AIR All India Radio
• AITUC All India Trade Union Congress
• AM Anti Meridian (Before Noon)
• AMIE Associate Member of the Institute of Engineers
• APPLE Asian Passenger Payload Experiment
• ARDS Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
• ARF Asian Regional Forum
• ASEAN Association of South East Asian Nations
• ASI Archaeological Survey of India
• ASSOCHAM Associated Chamber of Commerce and Industry (India)
• ATCI Air Time Committee of India
• ATPLO All Tripura Peoples Liberation Organisation
• ATS Anti Tetanus Serum
• ATTF All Tripura Tribal Force
• AVARD Association of Voluntary Agencies for Rural Development
• B.PHARMA Bachelor of Pharmacy
• BAMS Bachelor of Ayurvedic Medicine and Surgery
• BARC Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
• BBC British Broadcasting Corporation
• BC Before Christ
• BCCI Board of Control for Cricket in India
• BCCL Bharat Cooking Coal Limited
• BCG Bacillus Calmette Guerin (Anti TB Vaccine)
• BDL Bharat Dynamics Limited
• BEL Bharat Electronics Limited
• BHEL Bharat Heavy Electronics Limited
• BICP Bureau of Industrial Costs and Prices
• BIFR Board of Industrial Finance and Reconstruction
• BIMSTEC Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand Economic Cooperation
• BIS Bureau of Indian Standards/British Information Service/Bank for International Settlements
• BLTF Bodo Liberation Tigers Force
• BPO Business Process Outsourcing
• BRL Bharat Refineries Ltd
• BSF Border Security Force
• BTC Bodoland Territorial Council
• CASE Commission for Alternative Sources of Energy
• CAT Control for Advance Technology/Central Administrative Tribunal
• CAZRL Central Arid Zone Research Institute
• CBDT Central Board of Direct Taxes
• CBI Central Bureau of Investigation
• CBSE Central Board of Secondary Education
• CCEA Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs
• CCI Consumer Confidence Index
• CCIC Central Cottage Industries Corporation
• CCIT Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism
• CCL Central Coal-fields Limited
• CCS Cabinet Committee on Security
• C-DAC Centre for Development of Advance Computing
• CDC Consulting Development Centre
• CDRL Central Drug Research Institute
• CDS Compulsory Deposit Scheme
• CEA Central Electrical Authority
• CENTO Central Treaty Organization
• CERN Council European Organization for Nuclear Research
• CFRI Central Fuel Research Institute
• CFTRI Central Food Technological Research Institute
• CGCRI Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute
• CGWB Central Ground Water Board
• CHOGM Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting
• CID Criminal Investigation Department
• CIFT Committee on Invisible Financing Related Trade
• CIMA Centre of International Modern Art
• CIRDAP Council of Integrated Rural Development for Asia and the Pacific
• CIRTES Central Institute for Research and Training in Employment Services
• CIS Commonwealth of Independent States
• CISF Central Industrial Security Force
• CITU Centre of Indian Trade Union
• CIWTC Central Inland Water Transport Corporation
• CLASP Child Labour Action and Support Project
• CMAG Commonwealth Ministerial Action Group
• CMAL Coal Mines Authority Limited
• CMC Cauri Monitoring Committee
• CMDRO Central Marine Design Research Organization
• CMMACS Centre for Mathematical Modelling and Computer Simulation
• CMPDI Central Mine Planning and Design Institute
• CMS Central Monitoring Series
• CNG Compressed Natural Gas
• COCA Control of Organized Crime Act
• COD Central Ordinance Depot
• CODESA Convention for a Democratic South Africa
• COFEPOSA Conservation of Foreign Exchange and Prevention of Smuggling Act
• COPU Committee on Public Undertaking (under Parliament)
• CORE Congress on Racial Equality
• COSPAR Committee On Space Research
• CPCB Central Pollution Control Board
• CPCRI Central Plantation Crops Research Institute
• CPO Central Passport Organization
• CPRI Central Power Research Institute
• CRP Central Reserve Police
• CRR Cash Reserve Ratio
• CSCE Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe
• CSE Centre for Science and Environment
• CSIR Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
• CTEPC Cotton Textiles Export Promotion Council
• CTS Computerised Tomography Scanner
• CVC Central Vigilance Commission
• CVR Cockpit Voice Recorder
• D.Lit Doctor of Literature
• DAVP Directorate of Advertising and Visual Publicity
• DCA Drug and Cosmetic Act
• DCI Dredging Corporation of India
• DDP Desert Development Programme
• DFDR Digital Flight Data Recorder (Black Box)
• DGCA Director General of Civil Aviation
• DGCEI Directorate General of Central Excise Intelligence
• DICGC Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation
• DIG Deputy Inspector General
• DLO Dead Letter Office
• DM District Magistrate
• DMK Dravida Munetra Kazhagam
• DMRL Defence Metalurgical Research Laboratory
• DNA Di-oxyribo Nucleic Acid
• DNEM Dynamic Numeric Encoding Method
• DOTS Directly Observed Treatment Shortcourse
• DPAP Drought Prone Area Programme
• DPC Dabhol Power Company
• DPCO Drug Prices Control Order
• DPCS Defence Satellite Communication System
• DPSA Deep Penetration Strike Aircraft
• DRDO Defence Research and Development Organization
• DRI Director of Revenue Intelligence
• DSP Digital Signal Processing
• DST Department of Science & Technology
• DTH Direct To Home
• DVC Damodar Valley Corporation
• DVD Digital Versatile Disk
• EAA Easy Animal Aid
• EAS Employment Assurance Scheme
  ECB European Central Bank
• ECG Electro Cardiogram Graph
• ECIL Electronic Corporation of India Limited
• ECM European Common Market
• ECOWAS Economic Cooperation Organization of West African States
• EEC European Economic Community
• EEG Electro Encephalogram Graph
• EFTA European Free Trade Association
• EGPWS Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System
• EHTP Electronics Hardware Technology Park
• ELCINA Electronics and Radar Development Establishment
• ELISA Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay
• EMF Electromotive Force
• EMI Equal Monthly Installment
• EMR Exclusive Marketing Right
• EMS European Monetary System
• EMU Electric Multiple Unit
• ENLF Elam National Liberation Front
• EOW Economic Offence Wing
• EPIP Export Promotion Industrial Park
• EPRLF Elam People’s Revolutionary Liberation Front
• EPZ Export Processing Zone
• ERDA Energy Research and Development Administration
• ERS European Remote Sensing Satellite
• ERTS Earth Resources Technology Satellite
• ESA European Space Agency
• ESCAP Economic and Social Commission for Asia and Pacific
• ESMA Essential Services Maintenance Act
• EURECA European Research Coordinating Agency
• EVM Electronic Voting Machine
• EVTR Electro Video Tape Recording
• EXIM bank Export-Import Bank of India
• FAO Food and Agriculture Organization
• FARC Revolutionary Armed Forces of Columbia
• FBI Federal Bureau of Investigation
• FBTR Fast Breeder Test Reactor
• FCI Food Corporation of India/Fertilizer Corporation of India
• FCV Flue Cured Virginia (a kind of tobacco)
• FDR Flight Data Recorder (Black Box)
• FEMA Foreign Exchange Management Act
• FERA Foreign Exchange Regulation Act
• FFI Film Federation of India
• FICCI Federation of Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industry
• FIEO Federation of Indian Export Organization
• FIIA Foreign Investment Implementation Authority
• FIIT Foundation for Innovation and Technology Transfer
• FIPB Foreign Investment Promotion Board
• FIR First Information Report
• FOB Fresh Off the Boat, used by American-born Indians against Indian-born Indians who come to America and tease them for being ABCD’s.
• FOC Free Of Charge
• FRS Fellow of the Royal Society
• FTA Free To Air
• FTII Films & Television Institute of India
• FTZ Free Trade Zone
• GAIL Gas Authority of India Limited
• GATT General Agreement on Tariff and Trade
• GAVI Global Alliance for Vaccine and Immunization
• GCC Gulf Cooperation Council
• GIC General Insurance Corporation
• GMPCS Global Mobile Personal Communications System
• GMRT Giant Meterweb Radio Telescope
• GMT Greenwich Mean Time
• GNLF Gorkha National Liberation Front
• GNP Gross National Product
• GPF General Provident Fund
• GPO General Post Office
• GPRS General Packet Radio Service
• GPS Global Positioning System
• GRA Global Research Alliance
• GSDI Global Spatial Data Infrastructure
• GSI Geological Survey of India
• GSOMIA General Security of Military Information Agreement
• GSTP Global System of Trade Practices
• HAC Hindustan Aluminium Corporation
• HADP Hill Area Development Programme
• HAL Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
• HARK Handy Audio Reach Kit System
• HARTRDN Haryana State Electricity Development Corporation Limited
• HCF Highest Common Factor
  HDFC Housing Development Finance Corporation
• HDPE High Density Poly Ethylene
• HDTV High Definition Television
• HEC Heavy Engineering Corporation
• HEL Heavy Electricals Limited
• HESH High Explosive Squash Head
• HISA Hero Indian Sports Academy
• HIV Human Immuno-deficiency Virus
• HMI Himalayan Mountaineering Institute
• HMT Hindustan Machine Tools
• HPTS High Power Television Transmitter System
• HTR High Temperature Reactor
• HUDCO Housing and Urban Development Corporation
• HYVS High Yield Variety Seeds
• IAAI International Airport Authority of India
• IAC Indian Airlines Corporation
• IADF International Agriculture Development Fund
• IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency
• IAPPD Indian Association of Parliamentarians on Population and Development
• IARI Indian Agricultural Research Institute
• IATA International Air Transport Association
• IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (worldbank)
• IBSA India, Brazil, South Africa
• IBWL Indian Board of Wild Life
• ICAC International Council of Adult Education
• ICAI Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
• ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization
• ICAR Indian Council of Agricultural Research
• ICBM Inter Continental Ballistic Missile
• ICC International Cricket Council
• ICCR Indian Council of Cultural Relations
• ICCW Indian Council of Child Welfare
• ICFTU International Confederation of Free Trade Unions
• ICHR Indian Council for Historical Research
• ICICI Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India Ltd.
• ICJ International Court of Justice
• ICMR Indian Council of Medical Research
• ICO Islamic Conference Organization
• ICPA Indian Cricket Players Association
• ICRC International Committee of the Red Cross
• ICRISAT International Crops Research Institute for the Semi Arid Topics
• ICSI Indian Company Secretaries Institute
• ICSSR Indian Council of Social Science Research
• IDA International Development Agency
• IDBI Industrial Development Bank of India
• IDD Iodine Deficiency Disorder
• IDO International Defence Organization
• IDPL Indian Drugs and Pharmaceuticals Limited
• IED Improvised Explosives Device
• IFA Indian Football Association
• IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development
  IFCI Industrial Finance Corporation of India
• IFFCO Indian Farmers Fertilizers Cooperative
• IFFI International Film Festival of India
• IFFS International Federation of Film Societies
• IFTU International Federation of Trade Union
• IGMCO Inter-Government Maritime Consultative Organization
• IGNCA Indira Gandhi National Centre for Arts
• IIAS Indian Institute of Advance Studies
• IIBM Indian Institute of Business Management
• IIDR International Institute for Development Research
• IIPA Indian Institute of Public Administration
• IIS Indian Institute of Sciences
• IISCO Indian Iron and Steel Company
• IIT Indian Institute of Technology
• IITM Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology
• ILO International Labour Organization
• ILU I Love You (from a song; pronounced ee-lu)
  
• IMA Indian Military Academy
• IMCO Inter-government Meritime Consultative Organization
• IMF Indian Mountaineering Foundation/International Monetary Fund
• IMPPA Indian Motion Picture Producers Asscoation
• INCOSPAR Indian National Committee for Space Research
• INGCA Indira Gandhi Gallery for Culture and Art
• INMAS Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences
• INMURSAT International Maritime Satellite Organisation
• INS Indian Naval Ship/Indian Newspapers Society
• INSAT Indian National Satellite
• INSDOC Indian National Scientific Documentation Centre
• INTAC Indian National Trust for Art and Culture
• INTELSAT International Telecommunication Satellite
• INTERFEET International Force for East Timor
• INTERPOL Interpole Police Organisation
• INTUC Indian National Trade Union Congress
• IOC International Olympic Committee/Indian Oil Corporation
• IPC Indian Penal Code
• IPCC Inter-government Panel on Climate Chance
• IPI International Press Institution
• IPKF Indian Peace Keeping Force
• IP-VPN Internet Protocol based Virtual Private Network
• IQ Intelligence Quotient
• IRA Irish Republic Army/Insurance Regulatory Authority
• IRAS Infrared Astronomical Satellite
• IRBM Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile
• IRCON Indian Railway Construction Company
• IRCS Indian Red Cross Society
• IRDA Insurance Regulatory Development Authority
• IRDP Integrated Rural Development Programme
• IRO International Refugee Organization
• IRSS Indian Remote Sensing Satellite
• ISAF International Security Assistance Force
• ISAS Institute of Space and Astronomical Science
• ISB Indian Standard Bureau
• ISBA International Sea Bed Authority
• ISCUS Indo-Soviet Cultural Society
• ISE International Stock Exchange
• ISM Indian School of Mines
• ISO International Standardized Organization
• ISP Internet Services Provider
• ISRO Indian Space Research Organization
• ISS Institute of Social Sciences
• ISSP Indian Scientific Satellite Project
• IST Indian Standard Time
• ITBP Indo-Tibet Border Police
• ITDC Indian Tourism Development Corporation
• ITES IT-Enabled Services
• ITO International Trade Organization
• ITPO Indian Trade Promotion Organization
• ITR Integrated Test Range
• ITU International Telecommunication Union
• ITUC Indian Trade Union Congress
• IUC Interconnect Usage Charges
• IUCAA Inter University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics
• IUCNNR International Union for the Conservation of Natural and National Research
• IVRI Indian Veterinary Research Institute
• IVRS Interactive Virus Response System
• IWT Indus Water Treaty
• IYSH International Year of Shelter for the Homeless
• JCWI Joint Council for the Welfare of Immigrants
• JKLF Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front
• JMM Jharkhand Mukti Morcha
• KAADC Karbi Anglong Autonomous District Council
• KARP Kalpakkam Atomic Reprocessing Plant
• KG Kinder Garten
• KRM Kashmir Resolution Movement
• KSTPS Kota Super Thermal Power Station
• KVIC Khadi and Village Industries Commission
• LAC Line of Actual Control
• LAHDC Ladakh Hill Development Council
• LASER Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
• LDC Lower Division Clerk
• LIBOR London Inter Bank Offered Rate
• LIC Life Insurance Corporation of India
• LLB Bachelor of Law
• LLD Doctor of Law
• LLM Master of Law
• LMG Light Machine Gun
• LOAC Line of Actual Control
• LOC Line of Control
• LPA Laws Prevention Association of India
• LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas
• LSD Lysergic acid Di-ethylamide
• LTTE Liberation Tigers of Tamil Elam
• MA Master of Arts
• MAIT Manufacturer’s Association of Information Technology
• MAPP Madras Atomic Power Project
• MASER Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
• MBA Master of Business Administration
• MBBS Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery
• MCA Master of Computer Application
• MCC Melbourne Cricket Club
• MCF Master Control Facility
• MCP Male Chauvinist Pig
• MCOCA Maharashtra Control of Organized Crime Act
• MD Doctor of Medicine
• MECL Mineral Exploration Corporation Limited
• MEET Mission for Extension of Educational Technology
• MENAS Middle East Navigation Aids Service
• MERC Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission
• METO Middle East Treaty Organization
• MFALA Marginal Farmers and Agricultural Labour Agency
• MFALS Marginal Farmers and Agricultural Liberation Scheme
• MFN Most Favoured Nation
• MI Military Intelligence
• MIGA Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
• MISA Maintenance of Internal Security Act
• MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• MLA Member of Legislative Assembly
• MLC Member of Legislative Council
• MMDS Multiple Microwave Distribution System
• MMTC Minerals and Metals Trading Corporation
• MNAMS Member of National Academy of Medical Sciences
• MNC Multi National Corporation
• MNLF Moro National Liberation Front
• MODVAT Modified Value Added Tax
• MPK Maine Pyar Kiya (a popular movie)
• MPLANDS Member of the Parliament Local Areas Development Scheme
• MPLS Micro Protocol Label Switching
• MRTPC Monopoly and Restrictive Trade Practice Commission
• MRTS Mass Rapid Transport System
• MSA Maritime Safety Agency
• MST Multi System Transmission
• MTCR Missile Technology Control Regime
• MTCT Mother to Child Transmission
• MULTA Muslim United Liberation Tigers of Assam
• NABARD National Bank for Agricultural and Rural Development
• NACO National AIDS Control Organization
• NADAMS National Agricultural Drought Assessment and Monitoring System
• NAEP National Adult Educational Programme
• NAFED National Agricultural and Marketing Federation
• NAFEN Near and Far East News
• NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement
• NANAP Non-Aligned News Agency Pool
• NAPP Narora Atomic Power Plant
• NASA National Aeronautic and space Administration
• NASDAQ National Association of Security Dealer’s Active Quotation
• NASSCOM National Association of Software & Service Companies
• NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization
• NBCC National Building and Construction Corporation
• NBCW Nuclear, Biological, Chemical Warfare
• NBER National Bureau of Economic Research
• NBPGR National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources
• NBTB National Biotechnology Board
• NCA Nuclear Command Authority
• NCAER National Council for Applied Economic Research
• NCB Narcotics Control Bureau
• NCCF National Consumers Cooperative Federation
• NCCR National Council for Civil Right
• NCDA National Coal Development Authority
• NCDC National Cooperative Development Corporation
• NCERT National Council of Educational Research and Training
• NCFSE National Curriculum Framework for Secondary Education
• NCPEDP National Centre for Promotion of Employment for Disabled People
• NCRA National Centre for Radio Astrophysics
• NCRB National Crime Record Bureau
• NCSTC National Council for Science and Technology Communication
• NCW National Commission for Women
• NDA National Defense Academy
• NDDB National Dairy Development Board
• NDF National Defense Fund
• NDPDC National Drugs and Pharmaceutical Development Council
• NEA National Environment Authority
• NEEPCO North Eastern Electric Power Corporation Limited
• NEERI National Environment Engineering Research Institute
• NEFA North East Frontier Agency
• NEPA National Environment Protection Authority
• NEXST National Experimental Supersonic Transport
• NFDC National Film Development Corporation
• NFIW National Federation of Indian Women
• NFL National Fertilizer Limited
• NFSIT National Venture Fund for Software and Information Technology
• NGRI National Geophysical Research Institute
• NHPC National Hydroelectric Power Corporation
• NHRC National Human Rights Commission
• NIC National Integration Council / National Informatics Centre
• NICD National Institute of Communicable Diseases
• NIDC National Industrial Development Corporation
• NIEO New International Economic Order
• NIIT National Institute of Information Technology
• NIMHANS National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro-Science
• NITIE National Institute for Training in Industrial Engineering
• NLFT National Liberation Front of Tripura
• NLOT National Large Optical Telescope
• NMDC National Mineral Development Corporation
• NMDS National Missile Defense System
• NMEP National Malaria Eradication Programme
• NMHC National Material Handling Council
• NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
• NOIDA New Okhla Industrial Development Authority
• NPB Nuclear Power Board
• NPC National Productivity Council
• NPCC National Project Construction Corporation
• NPCIL Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited
• NPL National Physical Laboratory
• NPP National Population Policy
• NPT Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
• NRAI National Rifle Association of India
• NRC National Reconstruction Core
• NRDC National Research and Development Corporation
• NREP National Rural Employment Programme
• NRI Non Resident Indian
• NSA National Security Act
• NSC National Security Council / National Savings Certificate
• NSCN National Socialist Council of Nagaland
• NSS National Service Scheme
• NSSO National Sample Survey Organization
• NSSTC National Space Science and Technology Centre
• NSTEDB National Science and Technology Entrepreneurship Development Board
• NSTL National Science and Technological Laboratory
• NTC National Textile Corporation
• NTES National Train Enquiry System
• NTPC National Thermal Power Corporation
• OAPNA Organization of Asia and Pacific News Agency
• OAU Organization of African Unity
• OCS Overseas Communication Service
• OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
• OEEC Organization for European Economic Cooperation
• OGL Open General License
• OIGS On India Government Service
• OIL Oil India Limited
• OK All Correct
• OMSS Open Market Sale Scheme
• ONGC Oil and Natural Gas Commission
• OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
• OPPI Organization of Pharmaceutical Producers of India
• OSCE Organization of European Security Council
• PACS Primary Agricultural Credit Society
• PAFNA Pan African News Agency
• PATA Pacific Asia Travel Association
• PCI Press Council of India
• PCS Provincial Civil Services
• PEO Programme Evaluation Organization
• PGIMR Post Graduate Institute of Medical Research
• Ph.D. Doctor of Philosophy
• PIB Press Information Bureau
• PIN Postal Index Number
• PIOC Persons of Indian Origin Card
• PLA Peoples Liberation Army
• PLO Palestine Liberation Organization
• PLOTE Peoples Liberation Organization of Tamil Elam
• PM Post Meridian / Prime Minister
• PMLA Peoples Movement for Liberation of Angola
• PMSSY Pradhan Mantari Swasthya Suraksha Yojna
• PNR Passanger Numerical Record
• POTA Prevention of Terrorism Act
• PSI Population Service International
• PSLV Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle
• PTCT Parents to Child Transmission
• PTI Press Trust of India
• PTO Please Turn Over
• PUCC Pollution Under Control Certificate
  PUCL Peoples Union for Civil Liberties
• PUDR Peoples Union for Democratic Rights
• PVC Poly Vinyl Chloride / Param Vir Chakra
• PVSM Param Vishist Seva Medal
• PWD Public Works Department
• PWG Peoples War Group
• QSQT Qayamat Se Qayamat Tak (a popular movie)
• R&D Research and Development
• RAPP Rajasthan Atomic Power Project
• RAW Research and Analysis Wing
• RBI Reserve Bank of India
• RCC Reinforced Cement Concrete
• RDSO Research Design and Standard Organization
• RDX Research Development Explosive
• REACH Rural Entrepreneurship for Art and Culture Heritage
• RFMT Republic of Fiji Military Forces
• RGNDWM Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission
• RITES Rail India Technical and Economic Services
• RLEGP Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme
• RMS Railway Mail Service
• RNA Ribonucleic Acid
• ROSNI Round Spermatid Nuclear Injection
• RPNNL Rashtriya Pariyojana Nirman Nigam Limited
• RRC Reactor Research Centre
• RSS Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
• RTO Regional Transport Officer
• RTRA Rail Tariff Regulatory Authority
• SAAF South Asian Accountants Federation
• SAARC South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
• SADCC South African Development Corporation Conference
• SAFMA South Asian Free Media Association
• SAHMAT Safdar Hashmi Memorial Trust
• SAHR South Asians for Human Rights
• SAI Sports Authority of India
• SAIL Steel Authority of India Limited
• SALT Strategic Arms Limitation Tax
• SAPTA South Asian Preferential Trade Arrangement
• SARS Service Acute Respiratory Syndrome
• SATO South Atlantic Treaty Organization
• SATTE South Asian Travel and Tourism Exchange
• SC Security Council / Supreme Court / Scheduled Caste
• SCHIL Stock Holding Corporation of India
• SCI Shipping Corporation of India
• SCL Space Corporation Limited
• SCOPE Standing Conference of Public Enterprises
• SCRA Special Class Railway Apprentice
• SDR Special Drawing Rights
• SEARCH Society for Environmental Awareness and Rehabilitation of Child and Handicapped
• SEATO South East Asia Treaty Organization
• SEBI Security Exchange Board of India
• SEEPZ Santacruz Electronic Export Processing Zone
• SEO Satellite for Earth Observation
• SERC Structural Engineering Research Centre
• SETS Society of Electronics Transaction and Security
• SEWA Self Employed Women’s Association
• SFALA Small Farmers and Agricultural Labourers Agency
• SFC Strategic Force Command
• SGPC Siromani Gurudwara Prabandhak Committee
• SHAR Shri Harikota Range
• SIAM Society of Indian Automobiles Manufacturers
• SIDBI Small Industries Development Bank of India
• SIDS Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
• SIS Secret Intelligence Service
• SITA Separation of Immoral Traffic in Women and Girls Act
• SIV Semen Immuno Deficiency Virus
• SLAR Sight Looking Environment Radar
• SLBM Submarine Launch Balistic Missile
• SLV Satellite Launch Vehicle
• SMART Small Mission for Advance Research
• SMS Short Messaging System
• SNIPES Society of National Institutes for Physical Education and Sports
• SPCA Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
• SROSS Stretched Rohini Satellite Series
• SSD Satellite System Division
• SSN Social Security Number
• SSTEP Symphonic Satellite Telecommunication Experiment Project
• STARS Satellite Training and Ranging System
• START Strategic Armed Reduction Talks
• STD Subscribers Trunk Dialing
• STEC Solar Thermal Energy Centre
• STEP Satellite Telecommunication Experiment Project
• STPI Software Technology Park of India
• SUNFED Special United Nations Fund for Economic Development
• SWAPO South West African Peoples Organization
• SWIFT Short Work Programme in Information Technology
• TACDE Tactics & Aircrafts Development Establishment
• TAMP Tariff Authority for Major Port
• TANSI Tamil Nadu Small Industries Corporation
• TAPS Tarapur Atomic Power Station
• TB Tuberculosis
• TCI Trading Corporation of India
• TCPO Town and Country Planning Organization
• TDSAT Telecom Dispute Settlement and Appellate Tribunal
• TELCO Tata Engineering and Locomotive Company
• TELEX Teleprinter Exchange
• TGIT Telecom Group on Information Technology
• TIFAC Technology Information Forecasting and Assessment Council
• TIN Taxpayer’s Identification Number
• TISCO Tata Iron & Steel Company
• TMO Telegraphic Money Order
• TNT Tri Nitro Toluene
• TRACT Transportable Remote Area Communications Terminal
• TRAI Telecom Regulatory Authority of India
• TRELS Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station
• TRQ Tariff Rate Quota
• TTFI Table Tennis Federation of India
• TVA Tennesey Valley Authority
• TWA Trans World Airlines
• TWAS Third World Academy of Science
• TWHS Traditional Water Harvesting Systems
• TWMF Third World Monetary Fund
• TWSI Tourism and Wild Life Society of India
• UBLF United Bengali Liberation Front
• UDC Upper Division Clerk /University Development Commission
• UDI Unilateral Declaration of Independence
• UEEM Universalization of Elementary Education Mission
  UGC University Grant Commission
• ULFA United Liberation Front of Assam
• UNAEC United Nations Atomic Energy Commission
• UNCED United Nations Conference on Environment and Development
  UNCHS United Nations Commission on Human Settlements
• UNCLOS United Nations Conference on Law of the Sea
• UNCSTD United Nations Conference on Sciences and Technology for Development
• UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
• UNCTC United Nations Counter Terrorism Committee
• UNDP United Nations Development Programme
• UNECAFE United Nations Economic Commission for Asia and Far East
• UNEF United Nations Emergency Force
• UNEP United Nations Environment Programme
• UNESCO United Nations Economic and Social Commission
• UNFCC United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change
• UNFPA United Nations Framework for Population Activities
• UNHCR United Nations High Commission for Refugees
• UNI United News of India
  UNICEF United Nations International Children Emergency Fund
• UNIDO United Nations Industrial Development Organization
• UNISPACE United Nations Conference on Exploration and Peaceful Usage of Outer Space
• UNMIL United Nations Mission in Libra
• UNMOVIC United Nations Monitoring Verification and Inspection Commission
• UNO United Nations Organization
• UNRRA United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration
• UNSCOM United Nations Special Commission
• UNTAG United Nations Transition Assistance Group
• UPROV Union for Protection of New Varieties of Plants
• UPSC Union Public Service Commission
• UPTN Universal Personal Tele Number
• UPU Universal Postal Union
• USAID United States Agency for International Development
• USIS United States Information Service
• USITC United States International Trade Corporation
• USSR Union of Soviet Socialist Republic
• UTS Unreserved Ticketing System
• VABAL Value Based Advanced License
• VAT Value Added Tax
• VCO Viceroy Commissioned Officer
• VIP Very Important Person
• VPP Value Payable Post
• VRDE Vehicle Research and Development Establishment
• VRS Voluntary Retirement Scheme
• VSNL Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited
• VSSC Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre
• VTMS Versel Traffic Management System
• VVF Village Volunteer Force
• WANO World Association of Nuclear Operators
• WAY World Assembly of Youth
• WEF World Economic Forum
• WFTU World Federation of Trade Union
• WHO World Health Organization
• WIDF Women’s International Democratic Federation
• WIPO World Intellectual Property Organization
• WIPSA Women’s Initiative for Peace in South Asia
• WMO World Meteorological Organization
• WWF World Wild Life Fund
• WWFI World Wide Fund for Nature India
• WWPA World Wild Life Protection Agency
• YMCA Young Men’s Christians Associations
• YWCA Young Women’s Christians Association
• ZBB Zero Base Budgeting
• ZETA Zero Energy Thermo Nuclear Assembly
• ZIFT Zygote Intra fallopian Transfer
• ZIP Zone Improvement Plan
• ZOPFAN Zone of Peace Freedom and Neutrality
• ZS Zoological Society